Los polifenoles, que se encuentran abundantemente en las plantas, muestran muchas propiedades anticancerígenas, incluyendo sus efectos inhibidores sobre la proliferación de células cancerosas, el crecimiento de tumores, la angiogénesis, la metástasis y la inflamación, además de inducir la apoptosis. Además, pueden modular la respuesta del sistema inmunológico y proteger las células normales contra el daño causado por los radicales libres. La mayoría de las investigaciones sobre los mecanismos anticancerígenos de los polifenoles se han realizado con compuestos individuales. Sin embargo, varios estudios, incluidos los nuestros, han indicado que la eficacia anticancerígena y el alcance de acción pueden mejorarse aún más al combinarlos sinérgicamente con compuestos químicamente similares o diferentes. Mientras que la mayoría de los estudios investigaron los efectos anticancerígenos de combinaciones de dos o tres compuestos, nosotros utilizamos mezclas más amplias de polifenoles específicos y mezclas de polifenoles con vitaminas, aminoácidos y otros micronutrientes. La mezcla que contiene quercetina, curcumina, té verde, cruciferex y resveratrol (PB) demostró una inhibición significativa del crecimiento de carcinoma de células escamosas de cabeza y cuello de anemia de Fanconi, e inhibición dosis-dependiente de la proliferación celular, la secreción de metaloproteinasas de matriz (MMP)-2 y -9, la migración celular y la invasión a través de Matrigel. Se encontró que PB era efectiva para inhibir la proliferación de células de fibrosarcoma HT-1080 y melanoma A2058, la expresión de MMP-2 y -9, la invasión a través de Matrigel y la inducción de apoptosis, parámetros importantes para la prevención del cáncer. Una combinación de polifenoles (quercetina y extracto de té verde) con vitamina C, aminoácidos y otros micronutrientes (EPQ) demostró una supresión significativa del crecimiento de tumores xenoinjertados de cáncer de ovario ES-2 y la supresión del crecimiento del tumor de ovario y metástasis pulmonar tras la inyección intraperitoneal (IP) de células de cáncer de ovario A-2780. La mezcla EPQ sin quercetina (NM) también ha mostrado potente actividad anticancerígena in vivo e in vitro en algunas decenas de líneas celulares de cáncer, inhibiendo el crecimiento tumoral y la metástasis, la secreción de MMP-2 y -9, la invasión, la angiogénesis y el crecimiento celular, así como la inducción de apoptosis. La presencia de vitamina C, aminoácidos y otros micronutrientes podría potenciar el efecto inhibidor del galato de epigalocatequina (EGCG) sobre la secreción de MMPs. Además, el enriquecimiento de NM con quercetina (mezcla EPQ) mejoró la actividad anticancerígena de NM in vivo. En conclusión, se ha demostrado que los polifenoles, especialmente en combinación con otros polifenoles o micronutrientes, son efectivos contra múltiples objetivos en el desarrollo y la progresión del cáncer, y deben considerarse como enfoques seguros y efectivos en la prevención y terapia del cáncer.

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